Principles Of Implementing Duty Essay

1. Explain what it means to have a duty of care in own work role Duty of care is a requirement that a person act toward others and the public with watchfulness, attention, caution and prudence that a reasonable person in the circumstances would. If a person’s actions do not meet this standard of care, then the acts are considered negligent, and any damages resulting may be claimed in a lawsuit for negligence 2. Explain how duty of care contributes to the safeguarding or protection of individuals Duty of care contributes to the safeguarding of individuals because as a social care worker you are responsible to; Recognise physical, emotional and psychological needs of individuals by understanding what is required for health and well-being, to observe and record ‘indicators’ of differences and changes and to show empathy and support. Anticipate danger and manage risks by carrying out assessments, avoiding hazards and carrying out health and safety checks Intervene and support in the event of illness and injury by carrying out first aid, seek help or advice, communicate with health professionals and relatives and report to appropriate authority 3. Describe potential conflicts or dilemmas that may arise between the duty of care and an individual’s rights Sometimes individuals may want to do something which could be a risk to their Health and safety. As a care assistant you have a duty of care to that person and you must do all that you can to keep them safe but you also have a duty to respect the individual’s rights and choice, so you have a dilemma. It could be that the individual no longer wishes to use her walking frame,  but her care plan states that she needs it to move from place to place and you are to ensure you encourage its use. In this scenario you could carry out a risk assessment to ensure that it is managed as safely as possible. You would need to explain the risks involved to the individual and make sure they understand. You could come to a compromise, to use a stick for a while instead, to see how they managed, then monitor the situation. All this should be documented including any risk assessment carried out. If the individual still insists on walking unaided you should get them to sign to say they are aware of the risks involved. 4. Describe how to manage risks associated with conflicts or dilemmas between an individual’s rights and the duty of care There are many ways to manage risks associated with conflicts and dilemmas: Allowing individuals to explore with guidance, Making individuals aware of potential hazards and dangers, Allowing individuals to acquire life skills through learning how to cope with risky situations, Staff ignorance, Parents are a risk to staff if reported to social services. 5. Explain where to get additional support and advice about conflicts and dilemmas Colleagues the person’s family and friends GP Care professionals Advocates Union official Regulators 6. Describe how to respond to complaints listening to the complaint giving the complainant time and respect recording the information reporting to a senior member of staff accessing the Complaints Policy ensuring the complainant has access to the Complaints Policy ensuring the complainant knows what will happen next. Responding to complaints, whether made by a parent or a staff colleague, you should always keep professional and listen to what the person has to say. You should keep calm and by being respectful and apologising when necessary which helps to diffuse potential conflict. Complaints need to be resolved as quickly as possible and constructively to avoid creating a bad atmosphere for all those involved. When responding to a complaint, it is important to listen to the other person’s point of view. You should avoid making personal comments and focus on the facts throughout. Always apologise if you are wrong and explain how you will resolve the situation. 7. Explain the main points of agreed procedures for handling complaints The Complaints policy is a recorded and documented procedure that is available. The complainant is listened to and respected. The Complaints Policy is time-based and the complaint is dealt with in a documented time-frame. Complaints are normally dealt with by nominated members of staff. The procedure is clear If a member of staff or a parent wishes to make a complaint they should discuss their complaint with the setting leader first where most complaints can be resolved quickly. If the parent or member of staff is not happy with the outcome they should then put their complaint in writing to the setting leader who can then pass the details onto the owner or chairperson of a committee run setting. The setting will look into the complaint and once they have come to a conclusion the setting leader can arrange a meeting with the person who made the complaint to discuss the outcome. If the person is still not happy with the outcome they can ask for a further meeting with the setting leader and the owner or chairperson where they can also invite a representative. They can then all meet up to try and come to a conclusion.  Everything at this meeting will be noted and recorded. If the complaint can still not be resolved at this meeting then a further meeting can be made where an external mediato r is invited.

Creating Shared Value Essay

The following is an essay of the article â€Å"Creating Shared Value† by Michael E. Porter and Mark R. Kramer. The purpose of this article is about recreating capitalism. Companies only cared about profit maximization. This article discusses how businesses have separated themselves from social progress. The company’s focus in participation in creating shared value should be on health, nutrition and fair trade. According to Porter & Kramer (2011) â€Å"Capitalism as an unparalleled vehicle for meeting human needs, improving efficiency, creating jobs and building wealth†. Companies have been acting for themselves and not the society as a whole. Companies must reverse this and not just act on profit, but create a shared value. According to Porter & Kramer (2011) â€Å"The concept of shared value can be defined as policies and operating practices that enhance the competitiveness of a company while simultaneously advancing the economic and social conditions in the communities in which it operates.† Shared value is increasing the connection between the societal and economic progress. There are several issues this article addresses such companies growing at the expense of the community. Companies are living in the past on how to apply the shared value of creation approach. Companies are depleting natural resources, relocating overseas for cheaper labor and putting stress on the communities in which they are located. Businesses have separated business and society and must find a way to combine the two back together. Shared value is intertwining with the company’s success and the community’s success. The company has prospered at the expense of the community. Companies can create shared value by meeting the needs of the society by improving existing markets and creating markets that meet the needs of the society. Companies can also create supportive clusters where the company is located. By using shared values it will reconnect the company’s success with the improving the society (Porter & Kramer, 2011). The largest society needs that are not met in the global economy are health, housing, nutrition, help for elders, financial security and environmental damages. Companies are beginning to use shared value to reconnect them with the society. Wal-Mart reduced their packaging and rerouted their trucks which in turn lowered carbon emissions and saved Wal-Mart $200 million in costs. Coca-Cola and Dow Chemical have reduced their water consumption, which has resulted in less water and decrease our natural resources. Companies have cut wages, reduced benefits and moved their companies overseas for lower wage costs. These cuts result in lower productivity. Johnson & Johnson helped employees stop smoking and started other health wellness programs, which in turn has saved the company $250 million in health care costs. Reference: Porter, M. E., & Kramer, M. R. (2011). Creating shared value. Harvard Business Review, 89(1/2), 62–77. McConnell, C.R., Brue, S.L., & Flynn, S. M. (2012). Economics (19th ed.) New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.

The Legal Responsibilities Of Surrogacy - 868 Words

What is surrogacy? The definition of surrogacy is: The process of giving birth as a surrogate mother or of arranging for another women to carry and give birth to a baby for you/ a couple who want to have a child. There is a contract that should be drawn up stating the legal responsibilities of the surrogate and the specifics as to when the child is born if the surrogate will have any visitation rights or if they will relinquish all legal parental rights over the child. Issue Surrogacy is becoming more popular as time goes by however there are several legal as well as ethical issues coming up when people use a surrogate or are looking into the topic. Who might want to hire or use a surrogate? There are many different reasons as to who and why someone may want to use a surrogate to carry a child for them. Some of the most common reasons include couples who maybe have had complications and end up miscarrying, couples who it would be dangerous for the mother to be to carry a child or go through child birth, and even gay/lesbian couples who want to have children. How surrogacy works.There are actually two kinds of surrogacy. One is Full surrogacy otherwise known as host/gestational surrogacy; this involves implantation of an embryo created using the eggs and sperm of the intended parents to be, a donated egg fertilized with the sperm from the intended father, and an embryo that is created using a donor’s eggs and sperm. Gestational surrogacy has become the preferred methodShow MoreRelatedEssay about It Takes Three: Gestational Surrogacy1654 Words   |  7 PagesIt Takes Three: Gestational Surrogacy Gestational surrogacy is when a woman, referred to as a surrogate, is pregnant with and gives birth to a baby that is not genetically related to her. A gestational surrogacy usually takes place when a couple is unable to get pregnant and or carry a baby. In most cases it is because a woman has an unhealthy or nonexistent uterus. Gestational surrogacy is also some times used by gay couples who want to start a family. The pregnancy is created with a medicalRead MoreShould Parenthood Be Legal?1133 Words   |  5 Pagesof conceiving and/or carrying a child. Couples have a few options if pregnancy continues to be a struggle. Surrogacy, a controversial but yet popular alternative, allows people to have their dreams come true at a costly rate. Although many alternatives for pregnancy do exist, many people in the world today choose surrogacy as their best bet. According to Surrogate Mothers Online, surrogacy is the process when a woman â€Å"carries a child from someone else, usually an infertile couple† (Jenn Z 1). ThisRead MoreShould Surrogacy Be Legal? Surrogacy?864 Words   |  4 Pagesown children. One option available for intended parents that cannot have children would be surrogacy. Surrogacy is a scientific method that helps couples that have fertility complications or can’t conceive children at all. Surrogacy is a complicated legal concern because surrogate mothers can end up wanting the baby thus leaving the intended parents without their baby. Intended parents should have all legal parental rights and surrogate mothers should not seek for custody of the baby. Moreover, theRead MoreThe Legal Consent Of Gestational Surrogacy1162 Words   |  5 Pagescontract of surrogacy†? Based on the legal binding gestational surrogacy contract. The Merits At issue in this petition is whether the determination by the trial court, should the child be turned over to Julie Williams. In light, of this judgement solely based on prior gestational agreement forms, Julie Williams is requesting that the decision be overturned and the surrogate turn over the child. Currently there are several federal statutes governing the disposition of gestational surrogacy. ThereRead MoreThe Role Of Traditional And Gestational Surrogacy1212 Words   |  5 Pagesgestates a fetus for others, usually for a couple or another woman.†(Vaughn, 398) Surrogates have a few types of surrogacy, which are traditional and gestational surrogacy. Traditional surrogacy is defined as the â€Å"sperm from either the couple’s male partner or a donor is used to artificially inseminate the surrogate (the â€Å"surrogate mother†). (Vaughn, 398) Then there is Gestational surrogacy, which is defined as â€Å"the surrogate receives a transferred embryo created through IVF using the sperm and eggRead MoreEthical Considerations Behind New Alternatives to Abortion.1566 Words   |  7 Pagessubstantially procreate are now given the opportunity to bear children. New techniques for procreation include Artificial Insemination, Surrogacy and In-Vitro Fertilization, a ll which have brought about happiness to families. Unfortunately, at the same time many of these new reproductive techniques may bring about ethical considerations and debates, causing pain and legal arguments. All of these ethical considerations warrant governmental and contractual regulation as a way of guidance in handling theseRead MoreCafs Summary on Parenting and Caring1703 Words   |  7 Pagesinside the body †¢ Much more successful Social parents- individuals with a parenting responsibility towards a child whom they do not share a genetic relationship with. Social implications are the positive and negative effects on an individual or group that occurs as a result of an action or choice made either by the individual, themself or by another person or group Legal implications are the positive and negative legal consequences or commitments that occurs as a result of an action or choice made bRead MoreThe Human Reproduction Act, An Individual1492 Words   |  6 Pageswhich is derived from the genes of a donor or donors, and with the intent of surrendering such child at the time of birth (AHRA, 2004). However, there is still ambiguity felt between surrogates and parents related to what the law sets out as their legal duties in conceiving a child, and this is also pertinent in relation to the context of a working contract. Having said that, this essay aims at addressing the unclarity, pointing to the main arguments in favor of the Assisted Human Reproduction ActRead MoreSurrogacy in the United States2825 Words   |  11 Pagesoption she will have is surrogacy. (Sclater, 2003) Surrogacy is an understanding or an arrangement in which one woman carries and then delivers a child for another person or couple. The woman who carries the child is known as the surrogate mother and she may be genetically linked to the child or entirely unrelated to it. The agreement made by the surrogate is usually in the form of a contract and thus a fee is charged for it. This type of arrangement is known as commercial surrogacy, however, there areRead More surrogate mothers Essay1148 Words   |  5 Pagesproviding that they will be the parents of a child born to a surrogate through assisted conception, using an egg or sperm of at least one parent. 1 RIGHT - Surrogate motherhood is a right entitled to those who are ready and able to take on the responsibility of parenthood. Surrogate mothers fills a fundamental human longing. Procreation is a primitive instinct, and to many people it is devastating not to be able to become parents Surrogate motherhood is a solution to this age-old problem. Even in

Hamlet- A Revenge Tragedy Essay - 705 Words

Hamlet is one of Shakespeare’s most well-known tragedies. At first glance, it holds all of the common occurrences in a revenge tragedy which include plotting, ghosts, and madness, but its complexity as a story far transcends its functionality as a revenge tragedy. Revenge tragedies are often closely tied to the real or feigned madness in the play. Hamlet is such a complex revenge tragedy because there truly is a question about the sanity of the main character Prince Hamlet. Interestingly enough, this deepens the psychology of his character and affects the way that the revenge tragedy takes place. An evaluation of Hamlet’s actions and words over the course of the play can be determined to see that his ‘outsider’ outlook on society,†¦show more content†¦One symptom of Schizophrenia is finding oneself incapable of communicating with society. It is possible that Hamlet is Schizophrenic because, given the way that Hamlet feels unable to trust the l ikes of Claudius, Gertrude, and the other characters, it could suggest a reasoning for his acts of insanity being a way to communicate. Well known is it that the main plot of Hamlet is outlined by revenge. Upon learning the circumstances of his father’s death, Hamlet’s attitude shifts. Once a saddened mourner, Hamlet becomes a man on a mission for revenge. When the ghost of Hamlet’s father brings the news to the awestruck Hamlet, Hamlet is appalled by the â€Å"Foul and most unnatural murder† (1.5, 31). Hamlet immediately promises the ghost the retribution he desires, claiming that he will seek swift vengeance against his father’s murder to prove his love for him: â€Å"Haste me to know’t that I, with wings as swift as meditation or the thoughts of love, may sweep to my revenge† (1.5, 35-37). Ironically, Hamlet promises the ghost a swift revenge, though his revenge is anything but quick. The theme of delayed activity reoccurs throughout the plot of the story, because, consistently, the protagonist’s time-table for accomplishing the task is slowed due to his pond ering of moral issues. Hamlet’s Mousetrap scene is a perfectShow MoreRelatedThe Revenge Tragedy Of Hamlet Essay1976 Words   |  8 PagesIssara Butt Professor Abbott English 102 November 30, 2016 The Revenge Tragedy of Hamlet Revenge tragedies share some common characteristics of the play Hamlet which classify them in the group of many great stories such as The Spanish Tragedy, and King Lear. A vengeful ghost, a play within a play, and the main character who seeks revenge on an opponent and murdered (KAY). At some point in life many of us feel the need to seek revenge and never actually act upon it, but what if we did? What wouldRead MoreHamlet : A Classic Revenge Tragedy1103 Words   |  5 PagesHamlet is not like any tragedy. Hamlet is a classic revenge tragedy. All the revenge tragedies were popular in England during the late 16th and early 17th. A Shakespearean tragedy is built upon a central conflict which runs through from the beginning to the end of the tragedy until the conflict is finally resolved. The play is built upon the long, tragic conflict between Hamlet and Claudius and the conflict is built upon the figure of revenge. The Driving points that shapes the plot of play areRead MoreShakespeares Hamlet: The Tragedy of Revenge1165 Words   |  5 PagesShakespeares Hamlet: The tragedy of revenge The time is out of joint: O cursed spite, / That ever I was born to set it right! (I.5). Shakespeares Hamlet is an unwilling avenger. Despite his hatred of his uncle Claudius and his sense of the injustice perpetuated upon his fathers memory, Hamlet seems unable to obey the will of his fathers ghost. Ultimately, this is not shown to be a sign of weakness or cowardice upon Hamlets part. Rather, the intellectual protagonist understands all too wellRead MoreHamlet And Laertes - A Revenge Tragedy1248 Words   |  5 Pages Hamlet and Laertes – A Revenge Tragedy Everyone’s personality can be changed through encountering different situations. In Hamlet, playwright William Shakespeare presents two characters, Hamlet and Laertes, who love their fathers, King Hamlet and Polonius respectively. Once their fathers are murdered, Hamlet and Laertes become mentally insane committed acts of reprisal. In particular, Hamlet wants to kill Claudius and Laertes wants to kill Hamlet. While Hamlet and Laertes share similar experiencesRead MoreThe Role Of Revenge Tragedy In Hamlet1020 Words   |  5 Pageswhole world blind is a common saying for revenge. Like Shakespeare he based most of his tragedies based on: betrayal, death, lies, and revenge, and they can be view throughout the whole play Hamlet. In the tragedy Hamlet, Shakespeare utilizes Hamlet’s character as a major role in the development of a revenge tragedy by his loss of morality, individuality, and madness throughout the play, further clarifying that indeed Hamlet is a revenge traged y. Although Hamlet is not the only Shakespearean play thatRead MoreExamples Of Revenge Tragedy In Hamlet1033 Words   |  5 Pagesof Shakespeare’s plays allude to revenge and revenge tragedy. Revenge tragedy is seeking revenge for wrongdoings done against someone in a literary work. Usually, the person seeking this revenge is the protagonist and the plot is usually developed throughout their journey to get their rightful revenge. Revenge tragedy is also the central conflict within a literary work. In the play, Hamlet,Young Fortinbras, and Laertes are all examples of revenge tragedy. Hamlet ironically isn’t a person that showsRead More Revenge and Vengeance in Shakespeares Hamlet - Pure Revenge Tragedy?1932 Words   |  8 PagesHamlet – the Revenge Tragedy?  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   A baffling array of considerations relevant to the revenge aspect of Shakespeare’s tragic drama Hamlet make an essay on this topic an interesting experience.    Ruth Nevo in â€Å"Acts III and IV: Problems of Text and Staging† explains the uncertain place which revenge occupies within the hero’s most famous soliloquy:    And conversely, because self-slaughter is the ostensible subject of the whole disquisition, we cannot read the speech simplyRead MoreEssay on Discuss Hamlet as a Revenge Tragedy1023 Words   |  5 Pages2011 Discuss Hamlet as a revenge tragedy Revenge has caused the downfall of many a person. Its consuming nature causes one to act recklessly through anger rather than reason. Revenge is an emotion easily rationalized; one turn deserves another. However, this is a very dangerous theory to live by. Throughout Hamlet, revenge is a dominant theme. Fortinbras, Laertes, and Hamlet all seek to avenge the deaths of their fathers. But in so doing, all three rely more on emotion than thought, and takeRead MoreHamlet as a Revenge Tragedy Essay examples1285 Words   |  6 PagesHamlet as a Revenge Tragedy Revenge tragedy was a brief sub genre of tragedy at the end of the sixteenth century, despite some clashes with the teachings of the church. In a revenge tragedy a crime, normally murder, has gone unpunished, because the criminal has too much power and cannot be reached by the law. This fact is revealed by a ghost to someone closely connected with the victim, laying on him the responsibility to revenge the crime. The revenger is usually anRead MoreA Traditional Revenge Tragedy Approach To Hamlet759 Words   |  4 PagesA Traditional Revenge Tragedy approach involves the drama of a character seeking revenge for an injury or caused by another character (Reedy). In the play of Hamlet, this approach can easily be seen in the character Hamlet’s plot to â€Å"remember† his father. After his father’s death, Hamlet spends the whole play concocting a plan to avenge his father. He develops a play to bring guilt to his father’s murderer and to convince the royal subjects of their king’s foul sin. The tragedy in this approach occurs

Historical, Anthropological And Gender Perspective

â€Å"Every child has the right to education†; I am sure that at some point or the other, we have all heard some variation of this very powerful statement. However, is every child given the right to education? We do not have to look far to notice the gaps in education availability between the developed and developing countries. I will be comparing and contrasting the educational system in Britain to that of a third world country, The Gambia. I will explore the history of Western education in The Gambia, and how this has played into Gambian perceptions of Western education. Because this class is interdisciplinary, I will attempt to make my paper well rounded by explaining my points from various perspectives including a historical, anthropological and gender perspective. After giving general differences and similarities, I will then concentrate specifically on the relationship between gender and education in both regions and how accessibility to education may differ on the basi s of gender. The Republic of The Gambia (The Gambia), is a small country located in West Africa with a population of about 1.9 million people (The World Bank). The capital city of The Gambia is Banjul and although small, Gambia represents a very diverse culture of about 10 different ethnicities. English is the language of instruction in schools and also in the legislature. Formally a British colony, The Gambia gained its independence in 1965 and has since then only had two presidents. The Gambia is aShow MoreRelatedAnthropology : The Anthropology Of Sports1496 Words   |  6 Pagesstudy of sports (Coakley and Dunning 2000:150). The anthropological approach to the ways research methods, can utilise the understanding that, sports constitutes human action which highlight social issues in ways no other discipline can (Besnier and Brownell 2012; Coakley and Dunning 2000:151; Blanchard 1995:2). For example, the anthropology of sports focuses on the distinctive framework within which one may address sp ecialised problems like gender and sports, sports and ritual, and violence in humanRead MoreCultural Study Of Anthropology Of Sports1493 Words   |  6 Pagespurview in which this study is conducted. These headings are relevant to this research because they provide utility to the study topic and in sports study, highlighting the arguments, successes, challenges, strengths, weaknesses and gaps in the anthropological (socio-cultural study of sports). 2.2 Anthropology of Sports Sports was only considered in the 1980s as a modern invention and focuses on cultural practices that is regarded as pre-modern. In the nineteenth century two sports forms emerged fromRead MoreMy Academic Interest On Gender And Kinship Studies963 Words   |  4 Pagesof Purpose My academic interest in gender and kinship studies was triggered by my encounter with one of the greatest minds in our history. I was fascinated by Simone de Beauvoir in her The Second Sex, both by her insightful existential analysis of women’s situation and the interdisciplinary approach which she takes. She approaches gender from manifold perspectives including the biological, the psychoanalytic, the historical, the literary and the anthropological, leading to a powerful revelation ofRead MoreThe Analysis Of Mythology Of The Environment And The Unconscious Mind978 Words   |  4 Pages The analysis of mythology in relation to society establishes a commonality among humanity, as well as the analyzation of various cultural perspectives and values around the world. Thus forth we see the origins of mythology diversely interpreted and analyzed by the context of culture. Myths â€Å"symbolize† and â€Å"embody† human experience in relation to a cultures beliefs and values (Rosenberg, 1999). Despite the various roots in which a myth may originate and or the level of cultural recognitionRead MoreGed210 Introduction to Cultural Anthropology Unit 2 Exam1063 Words   |  5 Pageshttps://homeworklance.com/downloads/ged210-introduction-to-cultural-anthropology-unit-2-exam/ For More Information Visit Our Website ( https://homeworklance.com/ ) Email us At: Support@homeworklance.com or lancehomework@gmail.com 1. One goal of anthropological linguistics is to determine the number of phonemes (phoneticstructure) that exist in different languages. This goal is accomplished by employing the use of: †¢ minimal pairs †¢ phone taps †¢ maximal differences †¢ syntax units 2. The wordRead MoreThe Interpretation Of Cultures By Clifford Geertz1713 Words   |  7 Pagesideas, I interpreted his tone and word choices at times as a tad bit condescending. I found â€Å"Religion as a Cultural System† to be the same as well in terms of rubbing me the wrong way. Phrases like â€Å"infantile fairy tale worlds† (103) or â€Å"bizarre perspective embodied in dreams and hallucinations (110)† are just a couple of things he says that seem strange and off-putting. Nevertheless, I will not concentrate too much on these words, for I found some other words more problematic and confusing. If youRead MoreWomen s Language And Textual Strategies1364 Words   |  6 Pagesprovides a fundamental coherence. First, in all feminist scholarship an initial and often remedial focus on women – their roles and stereotypes has been replaced by a more sophisticated notion of gender as a system of relationship between women and men (Connell 19987; Gerson Peiss 1985). As a corollary, gender relations within any social group are seen to be created by a sexual division of labor, a set of symbolic images and contrasting possibilities of expression for women and men. A second sourceRead MoreWhy Do Governments Participate During Ethnocide And How Can Removing One s Cultural Identity Harm Society As A Whole1728 Words   |  7 Pagescollaboratively enacted by two or more politically minded groups, that oppression and exploitation eventually manifest amongst groups who want to control and dominant, leading ultimately to unjust forms of financial and political repression. Anthropological Insights Immersion into western society was a topic of interest for the United States Government in the 19th century as far the Native population is concerned. Grinde Jr. highlights the past in his article by saying that â€Å"H. H. Stuart†¦statedRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book When Mirko Lauer Sent Us A Review786 Words   |  4 Pagesof authorship and reception that have been introduced by the electronic media, and the use made of these by different social groups (p. 136). However, Franco points out what she considers the two main weakness in Garcà ­a-Canclini’s perspective: a lack on gender perspective (she provides few examples on that) and his analysis about border-crossing, territorialization, and de-territorialization (which includes also hybridity) falls short, according to Franco (she gives the example of Latinization of theRead MoreRace in Different Countries1270 Words   |  5 Pageshave black hair that is straight, dark skin complexion, narrow nose, brown eyes and t hin lips. â€Å"When I interviewed my American daughter and her Brazilian boyfriend, she said she was black because her mother is black. That is, from her American perspective, she has ‘black blood’- though she is a morena in Brazil. Her boyfriend said that he was not black because, viewing himself in terms of Brazilian tipos, he is a mulato (not preto).† (Fish, p. 223) Clearly, Brazil has many different categories for

Law of Business Organization for Prosecution - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theLaw of Business Organization for Prosecution Agreements. Answer: Directing Mind and Will In context of the organization, any person who manages, controls, or make decisions in the organization is considered to be the mind and will of the organization. It is essential that the principle must be fulfilled in order to prove the mental factorfor any kind of civil or criminal offences being planned againstanorganization(LawTeacher, 2017). Hence, the identification doctrine is recognized as the directing mind theory. From historical point of view, it has been proved to be a hindrance as it prevents the companies from being apprehended as responsible for the actions performed by the persons within the organization. Thus, in order to establish organization's offence, the individual who is the brain behind the organization must be proved to be the directing mind and will of the organization. (Grimes, et al., 2017). The individuals who are positioned at the topmost level in the organization must be held responsible and accountable for any flaw or faulty conduct of the organization. Thus the directing mind and will of any organization leads to the board of directors, CEO, managing director and all other executives who are responsible and partake in the decision making of the organization. However, there may be other subordinates who may indirectly act as mind and will of the organization but may not be on the top management sector in the organization. As of today, in huge companies, because of existence of disparity between the directing mind and the functional authorities, it has become difficult to impose criminal liability on all of them(Taylor Wessing LLP, 2016). Piercing the Corporate Veil The term "corporate veil" is used to describe the removal or separation of any corporate executive or owner from the third party shareholders. Basically, a corporation is a separate entity - limited liability company (LLC) that is formed to protect and shield the owners of the organization from private accountability for the amount overdue or negligent acts in the company. "Piercing the corporate veil" is a phrase that describes the actions taken by a court to establish the liability of the shareholders and owners of the LLC for the amount overdue and liability of a corporation. Corporations are generally considered to be as separate entities, different bodies and under normal circumstances, if an organization is prosecuted, the owners or executives are not brought in to the proceedings. (Murray, 2016). However, in some situations, the officers and shareholders of the corporation can be sued for the acts of negligence and also for debts, and this action of holding the shareholders to be responsible and suing him is known as "piercing the corporate veil". In a similar manner, the limited liability company owners can be prosecuted for the flaws, frauds, negligence and debts in the business. There are two situations, where the court can pierce the corporate veil and the shareholders and the members of the LLC to be sued. It includes the fraudulent acts or deals by the corporation and willful act of the shareholders and officers for the purpose of corporate gain to be placed over the benefits of the public(Jimerson Snell, 2016). References Grimes, J., Niblock, R. Madden, L., 2017. Corporate criminal liability in the UK: the introduction of deferred prosecution agreements, proposals for further change, and the consequences for officers and senior managers. [Online] Available at: https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/4-547-9466?transitionType=DefaultcontextData=(sc.Default)firstPage=true [Accessed 19 September 2017]. Jimerson, C. B. Snell, B. N., 2016. The Five Most Common Ways To Pierce The Corporate Veil And Impose Personal Liability For Corporate Debts. [Online] Available at: https://www.jimersoncobb.com/blog/2016/03/the-five-most-common-ways-to-pierce-the-corporate-veil-and-impose-personal-liability-for-corporate-debts/ [Accessed 19 September 2017]. LawTeacher, 2017. Corporate Liability In Criminal Law. [Online] Available at: https://www.lawteacher.net/free-law-essays/business-law/corporate-liability-in-criminal-law-business-law-essay.php [Accessed 19 September 2017]. Murray, J., 2016. Piercing the Corporate Veil - What Business Owners Need to Know. [Online] Available at: https://www.thebalance.com/piercing-the-corporate-veil-definition-398410 [Accessed 19 September 2017]. Taylor Wessing LLP, 2016. Corporate Liability: What exactly does it mean to prove a company guilty?. [Online] Available at: https://united-kingdom.taylorwessing.com/en/corporate-liability-what-exactly-does-it-mean-to-prove-a-company-guilty [Accessed 19 September 2017].

Gender Roles Throughout History Essay Example

Gender Roles Throughout History Essay Part one Gender roles of diverse cultures have differed immensely throughout history. The evolution of gender roles first began in the Paleolithic Age and then began to transform with the transformation of the Paleolithic Age to the Neolithic Age. Women in Mesopotamia, India, Greece, China, and Rome were not treated as equals and viewed as inferior to men. Cultures like Egypt and Persia had similar laws for women and treated them with more respect out of any of the other cultures. The Paleolithic Age was responsible for the introductions of many vital aspects of our world today such as, technology, agriculture, and gender roles. The Paleolithic culture was based on a hunter and gatherer society, which had a great influence on the gender roles of males and females. For the most part, the men were responsible for the hunting, mainly due to their physical build. Genetically speaking, men are normally larger in size, stronger, and more aggressive in comparison to women. Despite the large size and strength differences, both males and females were treated with equality. Women contributed to the Paleolithic society by being responsible for the gathering of edible plants and berries. Although gathering plants and berries is considered to be less dangerous and fairly easy when being compared to hunting, gathering was considered to be one of the most important contributions to Paleolithic society. When men went off to hunt, there was no guarantee that they would always be able to bring back enough meat, if any, to feed the community. The plants and berries gathered by the women were responsible for feeding the community daily, especially when the men were unsuccessful in their hunting trip. 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Because of the size and strength advantage men had over women, men were responsible for most of the hard manual labor, while women were given roles more suited for their weaker and nurturing nature. Men started to realize that instead of hunting and killing animals, they should capture, domesticate, and breed the animals because it would be more beneficial to the community in the long run and provide a more stable lifestyle. The women also realized the importance of stability and collected seeds for an assortment of plants and fruits so they could invest their time in farming plants instead of gathering them. Because of the gathering role and responsibility women played in the past in the Paleolithic Age, women were very familiar with plants. Women understood how plants grew and the factors and environment needed in order to be successful in growing them, which is why women were responsible for the start of plant farming. Since communities did not have to relocate so often based on animal migration, and men and women did not have to spend several tiring hours searching for animals to hunt or food to gather, people had more time on their hands. This extra time allowed women to concentrate more on looking after their families and children, cooking, cleaning, and sewing. This led to men virtually being responsible for all the difficult labor. Unlike in the Paleolithic Age where men and women were equal and relied on each other for survival, men no longer needed to depend on women as much. Most of the responsibility for survival was placed on the men which is what ultimately led to their dominance. The religions and laws developed in Mesopotamia prevented women from asserting control in society. Elite classes such as priests and warriors manipulated religious beliefs to say male Gods were more valuable and dominant in comparison to female Gods. This led to justifying male domination over females in the Mesopotamian society. Men were in control and held the power, allowing them to abuse their wives, sell them into slavery to pay off debts, and partake in consensual sexual relations even if married, while women were drowned to death as punishment for committing adultery. In Mesopotamia, women were mostly responsible for tending to the children and household. Women did not have the power to make life decisions for themselves and instead, relied on the men in their family to make those decisions for them. In Egypt, although men were the dominant gender in society, women were treated with great respect, which led to a very stable and successful society. The Egyptians believed that the goal of life was happiness and viewed home and family life as the main source of it. Egyptian law basically treated women as equals for the most part. Women were allowed to hold positions of power, own property, own slaves, receive an education, and even borrow money. Although Pharaohs were normally men, certain circumstances allowed for women to hold the same title. The Egyptians believed that marriage and family were very important aspects in life. They believed that unconditional love and kindness were vital in a marriage and thought that husband and wife should always treat each other with respect. In regards to family, unlike many cultures that viewed children as another mouth to feed or another worker, Egyptians truly enjoyed their children and experienced much joy in their families. In India, public figures and important positions were given to men. Although women did not have any public authority or receive any formal education, they were still considered to be important to society by having much influence when it came to family life and were supposed to be treated with respect from their family and husband. Sometimes it was difficult for women to take of the household due to their young age. Beginning as a child, women were taught that they were supposed to devote their lives to men. Very young child brides were quite common in India but ceremonies would not take place until the child had gone through puberty. Also, according to the Laws of Manu, women were allowed to inherit property. Women could â€Å"influence affairs within their families but enjoyed no public authority† (Meridians, page 98). The Laws of Manu state, â€Å"deities delight in places where women are revered, but where women are not revered all rites are fruitless,† (Meridians, pg 78). The Code of Hammurabi does not give a lot of freedom to women. Also, the Code is very strict when it comes to marriage. The Code allowes fathers and brothers to arrange marriages and punishes cheating wives by sentencing them to death. Different from the Code of Hammurabi, the Laws of Manu stresses the importance of husbands revering their wives and keeping them happy (Meridians, P. 78). China was a patriarchal society where men were considered to be the leader of the household. Although women were not normally seen as public figures, women were considered to be very valuable in the home and family. In the beginning, women were actually considered to be extremely important because the female side passed power and the line of succession. However, there was one woman, Fu Hao, who stood out from all the rest during Shang times. Hao was in charge of her own estate and oversaw the sacrificial ceremonies that most men oversaw (Bentley Ziegler, pg 124). In Perisa, family and clans were considered to be very important. The Persian culture was considered much more laid back in comparison to many others because classes were free and people were given the freedom to practice any religion, pursue any profession, and even borrow money to start their own business. Unlike most cultures, women were able to enjoy social and legal freedoms and were a very active part of society. Women were treated with equality and respect. Females were permitted to take part in religious ceremonies and occasionally even serve as the priest. Their were no restrictions on relationships or marriage- young people in relationships were told to practice honesty and loyalty, and to always be faithful and share each others happiness (Notes on Iran, P. 1) . When selecting a husband, women were instructed to be wise but free to choose who to marry on their own (Notes on Iran, P. 1). Many women took on jobs of weaving textiles and were given portions of grain, wine, beer, and occasionally meat from the imperial and temple workshops who employed them (Traditions Encounters, P. 170). If the King passed away and the price was too young to rule, the kings wife was allowed to take the throne. Pourandokht was the first Persian Queen and was thought of throughout history as kind hearted and wise (Notes on Iran, P. 1). Persians tended to have a close knit family and parents were encouraged to teach their children right and wrong and the importance of equality. In Athens, Greece, women were seen as inferior to men, not very intelligent, and thought of to have strong emotions. Women had guardians who were their closet male relative or husband. The guardian system was set up because Athenian philosophers, other than Plato, thought that women needed to be protected from themselves and society so they could not cause any damage to themselves or others (Women in the Ancient World, P. 2). Women were not allowed to own any property other than clothing, jewelry, and slaves, and we only allowed to purchase inexpensive items. In order for a woman to gain citizenship, she had to marry a male citizen. Fathers were responsible for arranging marriages between their young daughters and older men who were normally in their twenties. Like Indian culture, the girls married after they went through puberty. The job of a wife was to have children and take care of their house. Wives were never supposed to leave their homes unless to attend special events or funerals. If a married woman was seen outside of her home without it being any of the above occasions, people considered her to be a prostitute, slave, or so poor that she had no choice but to work (Women in the Ancient World, P. 2). Women from Sparta were different from much of Greece because they were able to own and inherit land. Spartan women were known to be bold and run the household, but were not supposed to be seen as too dominant over their husbands in public. The main purpose of marriage for people of Greece was not for love, but for the purpose of breeding (Women in the Ancient World, P. ). In Rome, women were constantly under the authority of men. Roman law insisted that women had to obey their fathers until they married, then in which case, had to obey their husbands. Even if a woman was widowed, she was still supposed to have some kind of male supervision of her finances (Women in the Ancient World, Rome). Roman men greatly valued marriage and treated their wives with great respe ct. Although women were never allowed to hold office, several men listened to the advice of their wives when not in public. Women did not enjoy working and only did so if they were lower class and had to (Women in the Ancient World-Rome). The Paleolithic and Neolithic differed in gender roles due to the change in their lifestyles. In the Paleolithic Age, women and men were considered equals because they had to rely on each other equally in order to survive. The transition to the Neolithic Age caused men to dominant women since most of the responsibility for survival was placed on the shoulders of the men. Men no longer needed to rely on females as much as they had to in the Paleolithic Age. Mesopotamian culture treated women with very little respect. Men were allowed to abuse their wives, sell them into slavery, and even commit adultery. If a Mesopotamian woman ever committed adultery, she would be sentenced to death. The Egyptian culture and Persian culture are most comparable to one another in the sense that they embraced family, love and marriage and treated women with immense respect and equality. In India, ever since women were children, they were always taught that they were supposed to devote their lives to their husbands. Indian women had arranged marriages and married after they went through puberty, much like the Athens in Greece. In China, although women were normally not seen as public figures, they were considered to be very important in home and family life. Women of Athens, Greece, led very strict lives and were considered to be very weak minded and unintelligent. Like the Indian culture, they had arranged marriages and married mainly to breed offspring. Spartan women different from Athenian women in the sense they Spartan women were very as very bold and not weak minded at all. In Rome, women were under the constant authority of men. However, despite this, Roman men took the advice of their wives when given in private, and were dominant when in the public eye. Barry. Role of Women in Ancient Persia. Notes on Iran. Web. 21 Oct. 2009. Bentley J. H. Ziegler H. F. (2008). Traditions Encounters: A global perspective on the past . New York:McGraw-Hill[pic] Meridians: Sources in World History. (2009). Pearson Custom Publishing[pic] Thompson, James C. Women in the Ancient World. Women in the Ancient World. Nov. 2005. Web. 22 Oct. 2009.